遺伝子座
解説 Definition
locus の複数形。遺伝学では、遺伝子や遺伝的マーカー、DNA配列などが存在する染色体上の複数の位置（遺伝子座）を指す。
The plural of locus, referring in genetics to two or more specific positions on chromosomes where particular genes, genetic markers, or DNA sequences are located. Different versions of a sequence found at the same locus may be called alleles.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
loci は locus「場所・位置」のラテン語式複数形で、英語では /ˈloʊsaɪ/ と発音します。遺伝学では一つの染色体上の位置が locus、複数の位置が loci です。local と同じ「場所」のつながりを利用し、「複数の遺伝子の居場所」と覚え、genetic loci や multiple loci の形で定着させましょう。
Loci is the plural of locus, a Latin word meaning “place.” In genetics, a locus is one precise location on a chromosome, while loci, pronounced /ˈloʊsaɪ/, means two or more such locations. Connect it with the familiar word local, which also carries the idea of place. Imagine a chromosome as a long map: each gene or marker has an address, and several addresses are loci. Learn the combinations genetic loci, multiple loci, and loci associated with a trait. Do not add another English plural ending; loci is already plural, and the singular form is locus.
例文
Researchers identified several loci associated with the disease.
研究者たちは、その病気に関連する複数の遺伝子座を特定しました。
These loci are located on different chromosomes.
これらの遺伝子座は異なる染色体上にあります。
loci の類義語・関連語
loci の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 locus（場所）の複数形。遺伝学では染色体上の特定の位置を指す専門用語として定着した。元来「場所・位置」の意味で、関連語：local（地元の）、locomotion（移動、locus＋motio）。「遺伝子の居場所」と覚えると意味が掴みやすい。
Loci is the unchanged Latin plural of locus, meaning “place, position, or site.” English adopted both forms, preserving locus for the singular and loci for the plural in academic and technical use. In genetics, locus became the standard term for a defined position on a chromosome, and loci consequently denotes multiple chromosomal positions. The same Latin place-related base is visible in words such as local and location, although those words entered English through different formations.
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