heterocyclic
複素環式
解説 Definition
化学で、複数の異なる種類の原子を含む環状分子。有機化学で重要な化合物の分類。
Heterocyclic describes a ring-shaped chemical structure that includes at least one atom other than carbon in the ring. This word is mainly used in chemistry to classify kinds of compounds.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
hetero- は heterosexual / heterogeneous でも見る「異なる」、cyclic は cycle「輪・環」を思い出すと取りやすい語です。化学では「環の中に炭素以外の別種原子が入った ring」と置くと定着しやすいです。benzene のような炭素だけの環とは別で、N・O・S を含む heterocyclic compound という形でよく見ます。hetero = 混ざる、cyclic = 環、の2段で覚えると忘れにくいです。
Break it into two parts: "hetero-" means different, and "cyclic" comes from "cycle," a ring or circle. That gives you a mental picture of a ring with something different inside it. If you know "heterogeneous" or "heterosexual," the "hetero-" part is already familiar.
例文
Heterocyclic compounds are fundamental to pharmaceutical chemistry.
複素環式化合物は薬学的化学の基本です。
The professor explained the structure of heterocyclic molecules to the students.
その教授は学生に複素環式分子の構造を説明しました。
Many natural products contain heterocyclic rings in their molecular structure.
多くの天然物は分子構造に複素環式の環を含みます。
heterocyclic の類義語・関連語
類義語
heterocyclic の語源・成り立ち Etymology
heterocyclic は hetero-「異なる」と cyclic「輪の」から成り、どちらもギリシャ語にさかのぼります。輪の中に別種の原子が入るので「複素環式」となり、heterogeneous と cycle にも同じ語根の感覚が見えます。
Heterocyclic is built from hetero-, meaning "different," and cyclic, meaning "ring-shaped." Both parts go back to Greek roots. The idea developed as a term for rings that contain a different kind of atom inside them, not just one kind. Related words include heterogeneous and cycle.
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