共和国
解説 Definition
republics は republic(共和国)の複数形です。国民が選んだ代表者などによって政治が行われる国を複数指すときに使います。
Republics is the plural of republic. It refers to two or more states whose political authority is exercised through representatives or officials rather than being vested in a hereditary monarch.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
republics は republic の複数形で、語尾に -s を加えます。republic の末尾は無声音 /k/ なので、複数語尾は /s/ と発音します。several republics、three republics のように複数の共和国を指す形です。res publica「公共の事柄」と結び付け、世襲君主ではなく公共を代表する政体を思い出しましょう。
Connect republics with the singular noun republic. The regular plural adds -s, and because republic ends in the voiceless sound /k/, the plural ending is pronounced /s/. Think of several countries being compared, signing an agreement, or operating different election systems. The historical phrase res publica means “public affairs,” which helps anchor the political idea: a republic is organized around public government and representatives rather than a hereditary monarch. Use republics after numbers and plural determiners such as several, three, or these.
例文
Several republics signed the agreement.
いくつかの共和国がその協定に署名しました。
The book compares three small republics.
その本は三つの小さな共和国を比較しています。
These republics have different election systems.
これらの共和国は異なる選挙制度を持っています。
republics の類義語・関連語
republics の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 res publica(公共の事柄)に由来し、res(事・物)+ publica(公の)に分解できる。フランス語 républiqueを経て英語に入った。王政でなく市民が統治する政体を意味する。関連語:public(公共の)、republican(共和主義の)。
Republics is the regular plural of republic. Republic ultimately comes from the Latin phrase res publica, literally “public matter” or “public affairs,” combining res, “thing” or “matter,” with publica, “public.” The term passed through French république before entering English. It came to denote a state governed as a public political community, especially one without a hereditary monarch as its head.
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