revolutions
革命
解説 Definition
revolutions は revolution（革命）の複数形です。政治や社会の仕組みを大きく変える複数の革命を指すときに使います。
The plural form of “revolution,” referring to two or more major and often rapid changes in a country’s political or social system, especially changes involving the replacement of an established government or order.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
単数形 revolution の語末に -s を付けた複数形で、「複数の革命」を表す。revolve「回転する」と結びつけ、政治や社会の仕組みが大きく回転して入れ替わるイメージを持つ。several revolutions、two major revolutions のように数や複数を示す語と一緒に覚える。
Revolutions is the regular plural of revolution: add -s when discussing more than one major political or social transformation. Connect it with revolve, “to turn around.” Historically, revolution referred to circular movement, and the image later suited a system being turned over and fundamentally changed. Learn it in countable combinations such as several revolutions, two major revolutions, or revolutions in different periods. Do not confuse this historical and political sense with the technical sense of repeated turns, as in an engine’s revolutions per minute.
例文
Several revolutions changed the country.
いくつかの革命がその国を変えました。
The book explains two major revolutions in Europe.
その本はヨーロッパの二つの大きな革命を説明しています。
Students compared revolutions from different periods of history.
学生たちは歴史上の異なる時代の革命を比較しました。
revolutions の類義語・関連語
revolutions の語源・成り立ち Etymology
revolution は後期ラテン語 revolutio に由来し、re-「再び・後ろへ」＋ volvere「転がす」から成ります。もとは天体の「回転・周回」でしたが、社会をひっくり返す大変化にも広がり、「革命」の意味が腑に落ちます。関連語は revolve, evolution です。
Revolutions is the plural of revolution, which entered English through Old French from Late Latin revolutio, “a turning around.” It derives from Latin revolvere, combining re-, “back or again,” with volvere, “to roll or turn.” The word first described cyclical motion, including the movement of celestial bodies. It later came to denote a sweeping reversal or transformation of political and social order.
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