combed
とかした
解説 Definition
combed は comb（髪などをくしでとかす）の過去形・過去分詞です。髪や毛並みを整えたことを表し、日常的な身支度の描写でよく使われます。
Combed is the past-tense and past-participle form of “comb.” It means that someone drew a comb through hair, fur, or a similar material to remove tangles, arrange it, or make it look neat.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 comb「くしでとかす」に -ed を付けた過去形・過去分詞です。綴りの b は発音せず、語末音 /m/ が有声音なので -ed は /d/ と発音します。combed one’s hair や neatly combed hair の形で、くしの歯を通して髪や毛の絡みを解き、整えた場面を思い浮かべると定着します。
Connect combed with the noun comb, the tool with a row of teeth. The verb simply describes using that tool, and adding -ed makes the past form: comb becomes combed. The b remains silent, and the ending is pronounced /d/ because the preceding /m/ is voiced. Picture someone who combed their hair before a meeting or gently combed a dog’s wet fur. Common patterns include combed his hair and neatly combed hair. Brushed is close, but it refers to using a brush rather than necessarily using a comb.
例文
He combed his hair before the meeting.
彼は会議の前に髪をとかしました。
The nurse gently combed the child's hair.
看護師はその子どもの髪をやさしくとかしました。
After the bath, she combed the dog's wet fur.
入浴後、彼女は犬の濡れた毛をとかしました。
combed の類義語・関連語
combed の語源・成り立ち Etymology
語源は古英語`camb`（櫛）であり、印欧祖語の「歯」を意味する語根`*gembh-`にさかのぼります。接辞は含みませんが、櫛の歯で絡まりを解く様子から「とかす」の意が派生しました。同語根の`gum`（歯茎）やドイツ語`Kamm`を併見すれば、歯状の構造が核心だと納得できるでしょう。
Combed is made from comb and the regular past-tense or past-participle ending -ed. Comb comes from Old English camb, the name of the toothed grooming tool. It is related to German Kamm and has traditionally been connected with an Indo-European root referring to a tooth or toothlike object. The verb arose naturally from the noun: to comb something is to draw the tool’s teeth through it. The modern spelling retains a final b that is not pronounced.
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