病気
解説 Definition
diseases は disease（病気、疾患）の複数形です。かぜのような身近な病気から、医学的な疾患まで幅広く使われます。
Diseases are illnesses or medical conditions that impair the normal functioning of a person, animal, or plant. The word is the plural form of disease and can refer collectively to several distinct conditions.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
diseases は disease の複数形で、語尾に -s を付け、発音は /dɪˈziːzɪz/ のように最後が「イズ」になります。語源上は dis-＋ease、つまり「安楽な状態から外れること」。many diseases、prevent diseases、diseases spread の形で、複数の病気・疾患をまとめて述べる語として覚えましょう。
Diseases is the regular plural of disease: add -s in spelling, but pronounce the ending as an extra /ɪz/ syllable because disease ends in a /z/ sound. The full pronunciation is approximately /dɪˈziːzɪz/. Its history also offers a memory aid: disease originally suggested being away from ease or comfort. Use the plural when referring to more than one condition or to kinds of illness in general. Common patterns include many diseases, infectious diseases, diseases spread quickly, and prevent diseases. Keep disease for one condition and diseases for several conditions or categories.
例文
Some diseases spread quickly.
すぐに広がる病気もあります。
Doctors study many diseases.
医師は多くの病気について学びます。
Clean water helps prevent diseases.
清潔な水は病気の予防に役立ちます。
diseases の類義語・関連語
diseases の語源・成り立ち Etymology
disease の複数形で、語源は古フランス語 desaise「不快・不自由」、さらに des-「離れて」+ aise「安楽」です。ease や uneasy と関連し、「楽な状態から外れること」から、心身の不調すなわち病気という意味になりました。
Diseases is the plural of disease. Disease came into English from Old French desaise, meaning “lack of ease, discomfort, or hardship.” That form combines a negative or reversing prefix with aise, “ease or comfort.” The word initially referred broadly to an uncomfortable condition and later became the standard term for an illness or pathological condition. English ease and uneasy provide a useful modern connection to this earlier sense.
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