ジスルフィド
解説 Definition
disulfide は「ジスルフィド」、つまり硫黄原子を二つ含む結合や化合物を指す化学用語です。日本語のカタカナ語「ジスルフィド」とほぼ同じ意味で、特にタンパク質中の disulfide bond（ジスルフィド結合）でよく使われます。
A disulfide is a compound or structural unit containing two bonded sulfur atoms, especially an S–S linkage. Disulfide bonds are important in chemistry and biology because they can connect parts of a molecule and help stabilize the three-dimensional shape of proteins.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
disulfide は di-「二つ」＋sulfide「硫化物」と分け、二つの硫黄原子が関わる構造を思い浮かべる。特に disulfide bond/link はタンパク質の形を安定させる結合として頻出する。sulfide 単独や sulfate「硫酸塩」と混同せず、di- を「硫黄二個」の目印として読む。
Break disulfide into di-, meaning “two,” and sulfide, a sulfur-containing chemical term. Then picture two sulfur atoms joined as S–S. This image is especially useful in the common phrases “disulfide bond” and “disulfide link,” which often describe a connection that helps a protein maintain its shape. Keep the di- visible as your signal for two sulfur atoms. Do not confuse disulfide with sulfide, which does not by itself specify an S–S pair, or with sulfate, a different type of sulfur-containing ion with oxygen atoms.
例文
A disulfide bond can help a protein keep its shape.
ジスルフィド結合は、タンパク質が形を保つのに役立ちます。
The chemist studied a disulfide compound in the laboratory.
その化学者は実験室でジスルフィド化合物を調べました。
Breaking a disulfide link may change the structure of the molecule.
ジスルフィド結合を切ると、分子の構造が変わることがあります。
disulfide の類義語・関連語
disulfide の語源・成り立ち Etymology
disulfideは化学語で、di-「二つ」と sulfide「硫化物」から成る語です。sulfideはフランス語経由でラテン語 sulfur「硫黄」にさかのぼるため、語形から「硫黄が二つ関わる化合物」だと読み取れます。関連語は sulfur, sulfide。
Disulfide is a systematic chemical formation combining di-, from Greek dis, “twice” or “two,” with sulfide. Sulfide is built from sulfur with the chemical suffix -ide, used in names of certain binary compounds and anions. Sulfur ultimately comes through Latin sulfur or sulphur. The structure of the modern term transparently indicates two sulfur atoms, particularly the S–S unit referred to in a disulfide bond.
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