preform
予備成形品
解説 Definition
preform は、最終製品になる前にあらかじめ成形された予備成形品を意味します。日本語の「プリフォーム」と同様に、製造や加工の文脈でよく使われます。
A preform is a partly shaped piece of material that is manufactured before a later process gives it its final form. Plastic, metal, glass, or composite preforms are commonly heated, stretched, molded, or otherwise processed into finished products.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
pre-「前もって」＋ form「形づくる」で、「最終加工より前に形を与えたもの」が preform です。製造現場の plastic preform、metal preform を、加熱・延伸・成形されて bottle などの完成品になる中間部品として覚えます。動詞「予備成形する」と同じ綴りですが、ここでは可算名詞の予備成形品です。
Divide preform into pre-, “before,” and form, “shape.” A preform is therefore something given an initial shape before it receives its final one. Picture a small plastic bottle preform being heated and expanded into a full-sized bottle, or a metal preform being checked before further processing. This image fits common combinations such as plastic preform, metal preform, and bottle preform. The same spelling can be a verb meaning “shape beforehand,” but in manufacturing sentences such as each preform or a preform, it is a countable noun naming the intermediate piece.
例文
The factory heats each preform before shaping it.
工場では、それぞれの予備成形品を成形前に加熱します。
This plastic preform will become a bottle.
このプラスチックの予備成形品はボトルになります。
The engineer checked the size of the metal preform.
技術者は金属の予備成形品のサイズを確認しました。
preform の類義語・関連語
preform の語源・成り立ち Etymology
preform はラテン語 praeformare にさかのぼり、prae-「前もって」+ formare「形づくる」から成ります。関連語は form、deform。動詞が先で、そこから『先に大まかな形を作ったもの』という名詞の意味が生まれ、予備成形品となりました。
Preform combines the prefix pre-, “before” or “in advance,” with form, “to shape” or “shape.” The corresponding verb reflects Latin praeformare, built from prae-, “before,” and formare, “to form.” The manufacturing noun developed for an object that has already received a preliminary shape and will undergo further molding, heating, drawing, or machining before becoming the final product.
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