deform
変形する
解説 Definition
物体の形を変える、または本来の形状から変わること。物理的な圧力や熱によって構造が改変される状態を指す。
To deform means to change the normal shape of something so that it becomes bent, twisted, or damaged. It is often used for physical objects, bodies, or materials that lose their original form because of pressure, heat, injury, or disease. The word usually suggests an unwanted or unnatural change.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
form「形」が見えれば覚えやすい語。de- は「外れる・崩れる」と考えると、deform は「本来の form からずれる」→「変形する」。物が pressure や heat で deform する、deformed metal のように、圧力や熱で形がゆがむ場面で出やすい。transform が「別の形へ変える」、reform が「整え直す」なのに対し、deform は形が崩れて元の姿から外れる感じ。名詞 deformation も一緒に押さえると記憶が安定する。
See the core word `form`, which means shape. The prefix `de-` often gives the idea of removing or ruining something, so `deform` is when the original form gets pushed out of shape. Compare it with `transform` for changing into a new shape and `reform` for shaping again.
例文
The metal will deform under extreme heat.
その金属は極端な熱の下で変形するだろう。
The pressure caused the structure to deform significantly.
その圧力は構造を著しく変形させた。
The plastic deformed when exposed to sunlight.
そのプラスチックは日光にさらされると変形した。
deform の類義語・関連語
deform の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 deformare が源で、de-「離れて・悪く」+ formare「形づくる」から成る。原義は「本来の形から外す」で、そこから「変形する」になった。関連語は form, reform。
"Deform" comes from Latin "deformare," built from "de-" and "formare," meaning "to shape." Related words include "form" and "reform." Its earliest sense was to put something out of its proper shape, which later became the general idea of changing shape in a harmful or unpleasant way.
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