縮んだ
解説 Definition
shrunk は shrink（縮む、縮ませる）の過去分詞です。物の大きさ、量、範囲などが小さくなったことを表し、過去形として使われることもあります。
The past participle of “shrink,” indicating that something has become smaller in size, amount, extent, or importance, or has been made smaller. “Shrunk” is also sometimes used as a simple past form, although “shrank” is traditional in that role.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
shrunk は不規則動詞 shrink の過去分詞で、shrink–shrank–shrunk と変化します。ただし shrunk が過去形に使われる場合もあります。母音は shrink /ɪ/ から shrunk /ʌ/ に変化。「洗濯で縮んだ服」「縮小した湖や会社」の像で、大きさ・量が小さくなる核を覚えましょう。
Learn the irregular sequence “shrink–shrank–shrunk.” “Shrunk” is normally the past participle, as in “has shrunk,” though it is also sometimes used for the simple past. Notice the vowel change from /ɪ/ in “shrink” to /ʌ/ in “shrunk.” Picture a sweater that has shrunk in the wash, then extend the same inward movement to a lake, budget, market, or office that has become smaller. The word can be intransitive or transitive: an object may shrink, or someone may shrink it.
例文
My sweater has shrunk in the wash.
私のセーターは洗濯で縮んでしまいました。
The lake shrunk during the long dry season.
その湖は長い乾季の間に縮小しました。
The company has shrunk its office space since many employees work from home.
多くの社員が在宅勤務をしているため、その会社はオフィスの面積を縮小しました。
shrunk の類義語・関連語
類義語
紛らわしい語
shrunk の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 scrincan（縮む、しなびる）が起源。ゲルマン祖語 *skrinkanan に遡る。shrink の過去分詞形で、「内側に引っ込む」イメージが核。関連語: shrinkage（収縮）、shrivel（しなびる）。布や素材が洗濯で縮む日常的な意味から、心理的に「ひるむ」意味にも拡張された。
“Shrunk” is the past-participle form of “shrink,” an old strong verb whose forms change their internal vowel rather than simply taking -ed. “Shrink” descends from Old English scrincan, “to contract, wither, or draw back,” and has Germanic origins. The physical sense of becoming smaller remains central, while later uses extended it to reductions in quantities, organizations, confidence, and other nonphysical things.
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