tory
忠誠派
解説 Definition
アメリカ独立戦争中にイギリス側についた忠誠派。また、保守的な政治的立場の人。
A Tory is either a person who supported the British Crown during the American Revolution or, in British political usage, a member or supporter of the Conservative Party. The word may also refer more broadly to someone holding strongly conservative political views.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
歴史・政治用語では通常 Tory と大文字で書きます。アメリカ独立戦争では英国王室側の Loyalist、英国政治では保守党員を指します。patriot and Tory や Tory politician の対比で覚え、時代と地域により指す集団が変わる点に注意しましょう。
Remember Tory through political loyalty and conservatism. In accounts of the American Revolution, a Tory supported the British Crown and opposed the revolutionary Patriots; Loyalist is the more neutral historical label. In modern British contexts, Tory commonly means a member or supporter of the Conservative Party. Thus the exact reference depends on place and period. It is usually capitalized when naming these political groups. Pair “Patriots and Tories” with American history, and “a Tory politician” with British politics.
例文
The Tories opposed American independence.
その英国派は米国独立に反対した。
Historical records mention the conflict between patriots and Tories.
歴史記録では愛国者と英国派の紛争について言及している。
The Tory perspective differed from the rebels.
その保守派の見方は反政府勢力のそれと異なっていた。
tory の類義語・関連語
派生語
紛らわしい語
tory の語源・成り立ち Etymology
tory は17世紀にアイルランド語 tóraidhe に由来して英語へ入り、もとは「追跡者」「無法者」の意。のちに政治的なあだ名として王権支持派を指し、そこから現在の「保守党員」の意味へ定着した。関連語は Toryism, Tory party。
Tory entered English in the seventeenth century from Irish tóraí, historically meaning a pursuer or outlaw. It was first applied as a hostile label and then became a political nickname for supporters of hereditary monarchy and the established church. The label persisted and was eventually associated with the British Conservative Party. In colonial and revolutionary America, Tory was also applied to people who remained loyal to the British Crown.
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