politician
politician は英検準2級・英検2級・TOEIC 730・TOEFL 60・IELTS 5.5レベルの英単語で、「政治家、政治屋」という意味があります。発音記号は /ˌpɑːləˈtɪʃən/ です。
意味一覧 (2件)
政治家
解説 Definition
国や地域の政治に関わる人。政府の仕事をしたり、法律や政策をつくったりする権力や責任を持ちます。民意をもとに活動し、社会課題への対応や公共サービスの向上を目指します。
A politician is a person who works in politics, especially someone elected to government office or active in a political party. Politicians help make decisions, create laws, and represent the public. The word can be neutral, but sometimes it has a negative tone depending on context.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
politician は politics「政治」に、人を表す -ian が付いた語で、musician や technician と同じ作りです。国会議員、地方議員、候補者、政党で活動する人など、政治に職業や立場として関わる人を中立的に指します。a local politician, an elected politician, a senior politician のような形で覚えると、権力や責任を持って政策・法律・公共サービスに関わる人物像がつかみやすくなります。
See the base word politics, then add -ian, a common ending for a person in a field. A politician is a person who works in politics, such as an elected leader, a candidate, or a party member. Useful phrases are a local politician, an elected politician, and a senior politician.
例文
The politician gave a speech about education reform.
その政治家は教育改革についてのスピーチをしました。
Many young people are becoming interested in becoming politicians.
多くの若い人々が政治家になることに興味を持つようになっています。
The politician promised to improve the healthcare system.
その政治家は医療制度の改善を約束しました。
政治屋
(意味 2)解説 Definition
politician は、政治に関わる人を指すだけでなく、信念より利害や人気取りを優先する人を批判的に呼ぶときにも使います。選挙、政党、政策論争の文脈で、ずる賢い・信用しにくいというニュアンスを帯びます。
A politician is a person involved in politics, such as elections, parties, or public policy. The word can be neutral, but it is also often used in a critical way for someone who cares more about power, popularity, or personal advantage than real principles. In this negative sense, it suggests a clever but hard-to-trust person who uses political tactics.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
politician は politics（政治）+ -ian（その分野の人）ですが、文脈によっては単なる「政治に携わる人」ではなく、人気取りや駆け引きばかりする人を皮肉る語になります。a career politician, just another politician, act like a politician などでは悪い響きが出やすいです。立派な指導者をほめる statesman と比べると、politician は計算高さや自己保身をにおわせることがあります。
Think of politician as politics + -ian, meaning "a person in politics." But in real use, it can sound more negative than just "political leader." In phrases like career politician, just another politician, or act like a politician, it often suggests someone who cares too much about image, deals, and self-protection.
例文
The local politician promised lower taxes before the election.
その地元の政治屋は選挙前に減税を約束した。
He talks like a politician, always choosing the safest answer.
彼はまるで政治屋のように、いつも無難な答え方をする。
Many voters were tired of another career politician who seemed more interested in image than reform.
多くの有権者は、改革より見た目ばかり気にするまた一人の政治屋にうんざりしていた。
politician の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ギリシャ語 politikos（市民の・国政の）に由来し、polis（都市国家）が語根。politic + 接尾辞 -ian（～する人）で「政治に携わる人」。古代ギリシャでは都市国家の運営が政治の原点だった。関連語: politics, police（同じpolis語根）。
Politician comes from Greek politikos, meaning "of citizens" or "of public affairs," based on polis, "city-state." In ancient Greece, political life centered on the city-state, so the root was strongly tied to public government. With the ending -ian, the word came to mean a person involved in politics. Politics and police share the same deeper root.
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