anaplastic
退形成性
解説 Definition
未分化な腫瘍細胞を示す医学用語。悪性腫瘍の特性を表す。
Anaplastic describes cells, especially cancer cells, that have lost their normal structure and look very abnormal. It is used in medicine and pathology for diseases that are often more aggressive or serious. This is a highly technical adjective.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
plastic を知っていれば「形・つくり」の語感が足場になります。anaplastic は病理で、細胞が本来の形や役割を保てず、未分化で乱れた状態を表す形容詞として覚えると定着しやすい語です。anaplastic carcinoma や anaplastic large cell lymphoma のように、悪性度の高い腫瘍名で見かけやすいので、「well-differentiated の反対側、形が崩れた攻撃的な腫瘍」という位置づけで押さえるとよいです。aplastic（形成不全の）とは別語なので混同注意。
Use `plastic` as your memory anchor, because it relates to form or structure. In medical language, `anaplastic` suggests cells that have lost their normal form and look disordered. It often appears in serious cancer names, so connect it with the opposite of well-organized, normal-looking cells.
例文
Anaplastic cells are often more aggressive and harder to treat than differentiated cells.
退形成性細胞はしばしば分化細胞よりも攻撃的で、治療がより難しい。
The anaplastic nature of the tumor indicated a poor prognosis for the patient.
その腫瘍の退形成性の性質はその患者の悪い予後を示していた。
Anaplastic carcinoma is one of the most challenging cancers to manage clinically.
退形成性癌は臨床的に管理するのが最も困難な癌の1つである。
anaplastic の類義語・関連語
anaplastic の語源・成り立ち Etymology
anaplastic はギリシャ語 ana-「逆に・後ろへ」と plassein「形づくる」から来た語です。plastic や plaster も同根で、「整った形になる」のでなく「形が崩れて未熟な状態へ逆戻りした」と考えると、退形成性の意味が見えてきます。
Anaplastic comes from Greek ana- "back" or "again" and plassein "to shape" or "to form." It is related to English plastic and plaster, which come from the same root of shaping. The sense developed around the idea of a formed structure going back to a less formed or less organized state.
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