disabilities
障害
解説 Definition
disabilities は disability（障害）の複数形です。身体的・知的・発達上の障害など、複数の障害や障害のある人々について述べるときに使われます。
Disabilities is the plural of “disability.” It refers to physical, intellectual, developmental, sensory, or other conditions that may affect a person’s activities or participation, particularly in interaction with environmental or social barriers.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
単数形 disability の複数形です。子音字＋y で終わるため、y を i に変えて -es を付け、disabilities となります。発音も語末は /tiz/ です。students/people/children with disabilities という person-first の型で覚え、複数の人や多様な身体的・知的・発達上の障害を扱う文脈に結びつけます。
Start with the singular disability. Because it ends in a consonant plus y, change y to i and add -es: disability becomes disabilities. Notice the recurring structure dis- + ability, but do not treat people only in terms of what they cannot do. Learn the respectful and common pattern people with disabilities, also used in students with disabilities and children with disabilities. The plural is useful when referring to different kinds of disability or to conditions represented among a group. It does not itself mean “disabled people”; it names the conditions.
例文
The school supports students with disabilities.
その学校は障害のある生徒を支援しています。
People with disabilities need safe access to public buildings.
障害のある人々には公共の建物への安全なアクセスが必要です。
The report discusses services for children with disabilities.
その報告書は障害のある子ども向けのサービスについて述べています。
disabilities の類義語・関連語
disabilities の語源・成り立ち Etymology
disabilities は disability の複数形。dis-「離して・否定」+ ability「できること」で、ability は古フランス語を経てラテン語 habilitas「扱いやすさ」にさかのぼる。文字通り「できる状態が失われたこと」で、able・habilitate が同根。
Disabilities is the regular plural of disability: final consonant plus y changes to -ies. Disability was formed from disable and the noun-forming suffix -ity, and it can also be analyzed in relation to dis- and ability. Ability entered English through French from Latin habilitas, referring to aptitude or capacity. Modern use of disability includes not only an individual condition but also its interaction with physical, institutional, and social barriers.
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