does
する
解説 Definition
doの三人称単数現在形で、彼・彼女・物などが行う動作を表す。疑問文や否定文にも使われる。
The third-person singular present form of “do,” used when a person or thing performs an action. It also serves as an auxiliary with he, she, it, or a singular noun to form present-tense questions, negatives, and emphasis.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
does は do の「he・she・it 用の現在形」と整理すると覚えやすい。She does her work では「する」、Does she work? では疑問文を作る働きをする。助動詞として使う場合、後ろの動詞に s は付けず Does he play...? とする。発音はつづりどおりの /duːz/ ではなく /dʌz/。
Remember does as the present-tense form of do used with he, she, it, or another singular third-person subject. It can be a main verb—She does her homework—or an auxiliary—Does she work? and It does not open. When does is auxiliary, the next verb stays in its base form, so write Does he play?, not Does he plays? The spelling is unusual because does is pronounced /dʌz/, not like the plural noun does /doʊz/. Learn the grammar and pronunciation as one package.
例文
She does her homework before dinner.
彼女は夕食前に宿題をする。
Does your brother play soccer?
あなたのお兄さんはサッカーをしますか。
This key does not open the door.
この鍵ではそのドアは開かない。
does の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 dōn「行う、する」に由来する do の三人称単数現在形です。語尾の -es は主語が he、she、it などのときに現在の動作を示す形で、つづりとは異なり /dʌz/ と発音します。
Does is the third-person singular present form of do, which descends from Old English dōn, “to do or perform.” Its ending reflects the English third-person singular present marker represented elsewhere by -s or -es. Although the spelling preserves a visible connection with do, the modern pronunciation is /dʌz/. Like do and did, does can function either as a main verb or as an auxiliary used in questions, negatives, and emphatic statements.
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