is
である
解説 Definition
beの三人称単数現在形で、人や物の状態・性質・正体を表す。場所や存在を示す場合にも使われる。
The third-person singular present form of “be,” used with “he,” “she,” “it,” or a singular noun. It links the subject to an identity, quality, condition, or location and can also help form continuous and passive constructions.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
is は be 動詞の「he・she・it 用の現在形」と覚える。She is kind では性質、He is a teacher では正体、The key is on the desk では場所を結び付ける。日本語訳は「だ」「である」「いる」「ある」と変化するが、主語とその説明をイコールで結ぶ語という中心像を持つと整理しやすい。
Treat is as the present-tense form of be used with he, she, it, and singular nouns. It can connect a subject with an identity in “My sister is a nurse,” a quality in “The coffee is hot,” or a location in “The book is on the table.” Japanese translations vary among 「だ」, 「である」, 「いる」, and 「ある」, but the central idea is that is links one subject with information about it. Contrast “I am,” “you are,” and “they are” with “he is.” In speech and informal writing, is often contracts to ’s, as in “She’s ready.”
例文
My sister is a nurse.
私の姉は看護師だ。
The coffee is hot.
そのコーヒーは熱い。
Your book is on the table.
あなたの本はテーブルの上にある。
is の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
is の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 is「〜である」に由来し、さらにインド・ヨーロッパ祖語の「存在する」を表す語根にさかのぼります。現代英語では be の活用形として、he、she、it や単数名詞の現在の状態を示します。
Is comes from Old English is, a present-tense form meaning “is” or “exists.” It ultimately belongs to an ancient Indo-European group of forms associated with being or existence. Modern English be has an unusually mixed set of forms inherited from several old verb stems, which explains why be, am, is, are, was, and were look so different. Is is now restricted to third-person singular subjects in the present tense.
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