driving
運転
解説 Definition
「運転」を表す名詞です。
As a noun, driving is the activity of operating and controlling a vehicle. The same form is also used in continuous verb constructions such as is driving, and attributively in driving force, meaning the main influence or energy that pushes something forward.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
drive の語末の無音 e を落として -ing を付けた形が driving。発音は drive /draɪv/ に /ɪŋ/ が続き、/v/ は保たれる。名詞なら Driving in rain「雨中の運転」、進行形なら is driving「運転している」。driving force では比喩的に「物事を押し進める原動力」となる。
Driving is formed from drive by dropping the final silent e and adding -ing. The /v/ sound of drive remains before the -ing ending. Use sentence structure to identify its job: in “Driving in heavy rain requires caution,” it names an activity; in “she has been driving,” it forms a continuous verb phrase. The expression driving force extends the older idea of pushing something onward and means the chief influence or motivation behind a result. Keeping these three patterns together makes the form easier to recognize.
例文
Driving in heavy rain requires extra caution.
大雨の中での運転には特別な注意が必要だ。
She has been driving to work every day for ten years.
彼女は10年間毎日車で通勤している。
What is the driving force behind your success?
あなたの成功の原動力は何ですか？
driving の類義語・関連語
driving の語源・成り立ち Etymology
動詞 drive の現在分詞形。古英語 drīfan（追い立てる、押し進める）からで、ゲルマン祖語 *drībaną に遡る。もとは家畜を追い立てる意味で、馬車や車を操る意味に発展し「運転」となった。関連語: drift（漂流、追いやられるもの）、drove（家畜の群れ）。
Driving is the -ing form of drive, with the final silent e removed before the suffix is added. Drive descends from Old English drīfan, meaning “to drive, force, or urge onward,” and is related to a Germanic verb with similar senses. Its early use included driving animals forward. The meaning later expanded to controlling horse-drawn vehicles and then motor vehicles, producing the modern noun driving for the activity.
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