kula
クラ
解説 Definition
パプアニューギニアと周辺地域の先住民族間で行われる伝統的な交換システム。儀式的な贈与交易。
Kula is a ceremonial system of reciprocal gift exchange practiced among island communities in the Massim region of Papua New Guinea. Valuables circulate between established partners, helping create and maintain social relationships, trust, and prestige rather than functioning as ordinary commercial payment.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
kula はメラネシアの島々で装身具などを循環させる儀礼的な贈与交換を指す。kula exchange、kula ring、items circulate のまとまりで、単純な売買ではなく、相互関係や威信を築く交換と覚える。サンスクリット語 kula「家族・氏族」とは同綴りでも別語源なので区別する。
Remember kula through the phrases kula exchange and kula ring. Valuable objects travel in recurring directions between island communities, so picture a ring of partners passing ceremonial gifts onward. The purpose is not simply to buy goods or calculate immediate profit; participation builds relationships, trust, obligation, and prestige. This anthropological term belongs to the cultural setting of the Massim region around Papua New Guinea. Do not confuse it with the identically spelled Sanskrit kula, meaning a family, lineage, or clan, which has a separate origin.
例文
The kula exchange system is an important part of Melanesian culture and tradition.
クラ交換システムはメラネシア文化と伝統の重要な部分です。
Anthropologists study the kula ring to understand reciprocal gift exchanges.
人類学者は相互的な贈与交易を理解するためにクラリングを研究しています。
In the kula system, valuable items circulate between islands and communities.
クラシステムでは、貴重品が島と共同体の間を循環します。
kula の類義語・関連語
類義語
派生語
kula の語源・成り立ち Etymology
サンスクリット語のkula（家族・氏族・血統）に由来する姓。インドや東南アジアで「一族」を意味し、社会的な血縁集団を表す。メラネシアの交易儀礼「クラ交易」も同音だが別語源。関連語にkulin（名門の）がある。
The anthropological term entered English through descriptions of the ceremonial exchange system practiced in the Massim region of Papua New Guinea and became widely known through early twentieth-century ethnographic writing. Its local Melanesian linguistic history is separate from Sanskrit kula, meaning “family,” “lineage,” or “clan.” The identical spelling therefore does not establish a shared origin between the exchange term and the South Asian word.
同じレベルの英単語をもっと
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう