露頭
解説 Definition
outcrops は outcrop（露頭、岩などが地表に露出している部分）の複数形です。地質や地形を説明するときに、岩盤が見えている場所を指して使われます。
Outcrops are exposed areas of bedrock or other geological material that appear at the earth’s surface. Geologists examine and map them because their visible layers can reveal the structure, composition, and history of underlying rock.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
単数形 outcrop に複数語尾 -s を付けた形で、語尾は /s/ と発音します。out「外に」＋crop「突き出た部分」と分け、岩盤が土や植物の覆いから地表へ顔を出す景色を思い浮かべましょう。地質調査では visible outcrops や mark the outcrops の形が典型です。
Outcrops is the plural of outcrop, formed by adding -s, pronounced /s/. Break the base word into out and crop, and picture rock projecting out where soil or vegetation no longer covers it. This makes the geological meaning easy to retain: several visible exposures of underlying rock. Common contexts include outcrops along a trail, rock layers visible in outcrops, and geologists marking outcrops on a field map. Do not confuse these formations with loose individual rocks lying on the ground.
例文
Several outcrops were visible along the trail.
小道沿いにいくつかの露頭が見えていました。
The geologist marked the outcrops on her field map.
その地質学者は野外調査用の地図に露頭を書き込みました。
These outcrops show layers of very old rock.
これらの露頭には非常に古い岩石の層が見られます。
outcrops の類義語・関連語
outcrops の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語の「out（外へ）」と「cropp（突出部）」に由来します。「crop」は地表へ突き出す形象から来ており、接頭辞「out-」と合わせて「外部へ姿を現す」という意味に発展しました。同語根の「crop（生える）」や「crop up（浮かび上がる）」も、地層が地表に顔を出す様子と感覚的に一致します。
Outcrops is the plural of outcrop. The word combines out with crop in an older sense connected with a projecting top, head, or extremity. It first referred to something that emerged or appeared at the surface and became established as a geological term for exposed bedrock or strata. The related phrasal verb crop up preserves the broader idea of appearing or emerging unexpectedly.
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