overflowed
溢れた
解説 Definition
overflowed は overflow（あふれる、あふれ出る）の過去形・過去分詞です。形容詞的に、容器や場所から中身があふれた状態を表すことがあります。
Having released liquid or other contents over an edge because the available space or capacity was exceeded. It is the past-participle form of “overflow,” used here adjectivally to describe a sink, bathtub, river, or similar source that has spilled beyond its limits.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 overflow は over「限界を越えて」＋flow「流れる」。overflowed は語末に -ed を付けた過去形・過去分詞で、発音は /ˌoʊvərˈfloʊd/ と /d/ になる。形容詞的には an overflowed sink のように、容量を越えて水などが外へ出た状態を思い浮かべる。
Connect overflowed with over plus flow: something has flowed over its normal edge or limit. It is the past tense and past participle of overflow, formed by adding -ed; because overflow ends in a voiced sound, the ending is pronounced /d/. Picture an overflowed sink leaving water across the floor. This concrete scene also supports larger examples such as an overflowed river covering a road. Unlike merely full, overflowed indicates that the contents actually passed beyond the available boundary.
例文
The overflowed sink left water on the floor.
あふれた流し台のせいで床に水が残りました。
We cleaned the overflowed bathtub before anyone slipped.
誰かが滑る前に、あふれた浴槽の周りを掃除しました。
After the storm, the overflowed river covered part of the road.
嵐の後、あふれた川が道路の一部を覆いました。
overflowed の類義語・関連語
overflowed の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語 ofer（越えて）と flōwan（流れる）の複合語。「容器を越えて流れ出る」が原義。over-は「超過」を表す接頭辞で、overcome（打ち勝つ）やoverlook（見渡す）にも共通する。溢れる＝限界を越えて流れるという直感的なイメージそのまま。
Overflow developed from Old English elements corresponding to over, meaning “above or beyond,” and flow, meaning “move like a liquid.” Its literal image is therefore liquid flowing beyond a boundary or container. Overflowed is formed regularly by adding the past-tense and past-participle ending -ed to overflow. The adjectival use comes directly from the participle: an overflowed container is one whose contents have passed over its edge.
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