overflowing
溢れる
解説 Definition
overflowing は overflow（あふれる）の現在分詞・動名詞です。水や容器の中身だけでなく、人や場所が物や感情でいっぱいになっている様子にも使われます。
Overflowing is the present-participle and gerund form of overflow. It describes liquid passing over a container's edge or, figuratively, a place or object being so full of people, things, or emotion that it seems unable to hold more.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 overflow「容量を超えてあふれる」に -ing を付けた現在分詞・動名詞で、語末を重ねず overflowing とします。発音は語末が /ɪŋ/。容器なら overflowing with water、人や場所なら overflowing with books や visitors のように、with と組み合わせて「あふれるほど満ちた」と覚えます。
Build overflowing from overflow plus -ing; no final consonant is doubled, and the ending is pronounced /ɪŋ/. Keep the literal picture of water flowing over the edge of a sink or cup. Then extend that image to figurative abundance: a bag overflowing with books, a hall overflowing with visitors, or a person overflowing with joy. The frequent pattern overflowing with makes the meaning easy to recognize: whatever follows with is present in an amount beyond the normal limit.
例文
The sink is overflowing with water.
流し台から水があふれています。
Her bag was overflowing with books.
彼女のバッグは本でいっぱいであふれそうでした。
The hall was overflowing with excited visitors.
そのホールは興奮した来場者であふれていました。
overflowing の類義語・関連語
対義語
紛らわしい語
overflowing の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語ofer（超えて）とflōwan（流れる）の複合語。over-は「超過」を示す接頭辞で、overflow全体で「容量を超えて流れ出る」意。関連語にoverrun（氾濫する）、flood（洪水、同じ印欧語根*pleu-から）がある。
Overflowing is formed from the verb overflow and the participial ending -ing. Overflow combines over-, expressing excess or movement beyond a limit, with flow. Its components continue Old English ofer and flōwan. The central image is therefore something flowing beyond a boundary or capacity, which naturally developed into figurative uses for crowds, possessions, and strong emotions.
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