philistine
ペリシテ人
解説 Definition
Philistine は、古代の地中海東岸地域に住んでいたペリシテ人を指す語です。比喩的に「教養のない人」という意味もありますが、ここでは歴史上の民族名として使います。
A member of an ancient people who inhabited parts of the southern coastal region of Canaan. In this historical sense, the word is normally capitalized as “Philistine” and may modify nouns referring to that people, such as “Philistine city” or “Philistine pottery.”
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
歴史上の民族を指すときは通常 Philistine と大文字で始め、the Philistines なら「ペリシテ人たち」。古代地中海東岸の沿岸都市、戦士、陶器などの語と結び付ける。小文字 philistine には後世に生じた「芸術や教養を理解しない人」という別義があるため、歴史文脈では大文字に注目する。
For the historical meaning, notice the capital letter in Philistine. It identifies a member of an ancient people associated with coastal cities in the southern Levant, so connect the word with concrete phrases such as Philistine warrior, Philistine city, and Philistine pottery. The plural is Philistines. English later developed a separate figurative sense, usually written with a lowercase initial, for a person considered indifferent to art or learning. Keeping capitalization and context in view prevents the historical ethnic name from being confused with that later judgmental use.
例文
The Philistine warrior appears in the ancient story.
その古代の物語にはペリシテ人の戦士が登場します。
A Philistine city stood near the coast.
海岸近くにペリシテ人の都市がありました。
The historian compared Philistine pottery with objects from nearby cultures.
その歴史家はペリシテ人の陶器を近隣文化の品々と比較しました。
philistine の類義語・関連語
派生語
紛らわしい語
philistine の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ヘブライ語 P'lishtim（ペリシテ人）に由来。旧約聖書で古代カナン沿岸部に住んだ民族。地名 Palestine（パレスチナ）も同根。転じて「教養や芸術に無関心な人」の意味でも使われるが、原義は聖書の民族名。関連語 Palestine。歴史と言葉が直結した興味深い例。
Philistine ultimately reflects the Hebrew plural name Pĕlištīm, used in biblical texts for the ancient people. The term passed through Greek and Latin forms before entering English. Palestine is historically related through ancient Greek Palaistinē, although the modern place name and the ancient ethnic designation must not be treated as interchangeable. The figurative English sense referring to an uncultured person arose much later and is separate from the original historical reference.
同じレベルの英単語をもっと
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう