減らす
解説 Definition
reduces は reduce（減らす、少なくする）の三人称単数現在形です。量、数、程度、費用などを小さくすることを表すときに使います。
Reduces is the third-person singular present form of reduce. It means that a person, action, process, or thing makes an amount, number, level, cost, duration, or degree smaller or less severe.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
reduces は reduce の三人称単数現在形で、主語が he、she、it や単数名詞のときに使います。語末が /s/ の音なので -s は /ɪz/ と発音され、全体は /rɪˈduːsɪz/。reduces noise、stress、costs、time のように「量や程度を小さくする」対象と組み合わせて覚えましょう。
Treat reduces as reduce used with a third-person singular subject: this machine reduces noise, exercise reduces stress, or the system reduces time. The ending is pronounced /ɪz/ because reduce ends in the /s/ sound, giving /rɪˈduːsɪz/. The Latin elements behind reduce carried the image of leading something back, which can help you picture a high amount being brought down toward a lower level. Remember the common pattern reduces plus an object, especially noise, risk, stress, costs, waste, or the time needed for a task.
例文
This machine reduces noise.
この機械は騒音を減らします。
Regular exercise reduces stress.
定期的な運動はストレスを減らします。
The new system reduces the time needed for each task.
新しいシステムは各作業に必要な時間を減らします。
reduces の類義語・関連語
reduces の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語reducere（re-「元へ」+ ducere「導く」）が語源で、原義は「元の状態に導き戻す」。数量を元の少ない状態に戻すことから「減らす」の意味に発展した。関連語にproduce（前へ導く→生産する）、deduce（論理的に導く→推論する）がある。
Reduces is the third-person singular present form of reduce. Reduce ultimately comes from Latin reducere, formed from re-, meaning “back,” and ducere, meaning “to lead.” The original idea was to lead or bring something back. From this developed senses involving bringing something to a smaller amount, lower level, or simpler state. Related formations from Latin ducere include produce and deduce, although their prefixes create different meanings.
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