researches
研究
解説 Definition
researches は research（研究）の複数形です。research は不可算名詞として使うことが多いですが、複数形では個別の研究活動や研究成果を指すやや改まった表現になります。
A formal, relatively uncommon plural of research, referring to separate investigations, bodies of scholarly inquiry, or the results of several research activities. In most ordinary modern contexts, research is treated as uncountable, and studies or research projects is often preferred.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 research に -es を付けた複数形で、発音は /rɪˈsɜːrtʃɪz/ のように一音節増えます。通常 research は不可算ですが、researches は複数の個別研究をまとめて指す改まった用法です。日常的な several studies より学術的・古風に響く点も覚えましょう。
Researches is formed by adding -es to research, producing an extra syllable, /ɪz/, after the final /tʃ/ sound. The key usage point is that research is normally uncountable in modern English: we usually say much research, not many researches. The plural researches is possible when a writer presents several distinct scholarly investigations or bodies of inquiry, often in formal or older academic prose. Compare her researches into ancient languages with the more everyday phrase her research studies. Remembering this contrast will help you recognize the form without overusing it.
例文
Her researches covered several ancient languages.
彼女の研究は複数の古代言語を扱っていました。
The professor published his researches in a journal.
教授は自分の研究を学術誌に発表しました。
These researches helped explain the disease.
これらの研究はその病気を説明する助けになりました。
researches の類義語・関連語
類義語
紛らわしい語
researches の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古フランス語 recerchier（徹底的に探す）から。re-（繰り返し）+ cerchier（探す、ラテン語 circare＝巡る）。語根はラテン語 circus（円）に遡り、「何度も巡って探す」が原義。関連語: search（探す）、circle（円）。繰り返し探究する行為が「研究」となった。
Research entered English through Middle French forms related to rechercher, “to seek out or search closely.” The word combines re-, suggesting repeated or intensive action, with a verb meaning “to search,” whose deeper history is connected with Late Latin circare, “to go around.” Researches adds the plural ending -es because research ends in the sibilant sound /tʃ/. This plural use treats separate investigations as countable units.
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