shoring
支保工
解説 Definition
shoring は shore（支柱で支える）の動名詞・現在分詞に由来し、建物や掘削現場などを一時的に支える支保工という意味です。土木・建築の文脈で、壁や地盤の崩落を防ぐための構造や作業を指します。
Shoring is a temporary system of supports used to prevent a wall, building, trench, or area of ground from collapsing during construction, excavation, repair, or alteration. It can also refer to the work of installing such supports.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 shore「支柱で支える」に -ing を付けた形で、建築・土木では支える作業だけでなく、壁や地盤の崩壊を防ぐ仮設構造そのものを指します。install temporary shoring「仮設支保工を設置する」、trench shoring「溝の支保工」という組み合わせで、海岸の shore とは文脈で区別します。
Link shoring to the verb shore, meaning “to support with props,” rather than only to shore meaning “coast.” Adding -ing creates a form that can name either the supporting activity or, in construction, the temporary support system itself. Picture engineers installing beams and braces before digging a trench: the shoring holds the sides in place and prevents collapse. Useful combinations include temporary shoring, trench shoring, install shoring, and remove shoring. The phrasal verb shore up extends the same physical image to strengthening an organization, argument, or financial position.
例文
The engineers installed shoring before the excavation began.
技術者たちは掘削が始まる前に支保工を設置しました。
Strong shoring kept the trench walls from collapsing.
頑丈な支保工のおかげで、溝の壁は崩れませんでした。
The inspection report said the temporary shoring met the safety standard.
検査報告書には、仮設の支保工が安全基準を満たしていると記されていました。
shoring の類義語・関連語
shoring の語源・成り立ち Etymology
中低地ドイツ語・中オランダ語の schore（支柱・つっかえ棒）に由来。建物や壁を倒壊から防ぐ支えが原義で、「shore up（補強する）」の表現でも広く使われる。関連語: shore（支える）、support。
Shoring is formed from the verb shore and the suffix -ing. This shore is historically distinct from the noun meaning “coast.” The supporting sense is related to Middle Low German and Middle Dutch words such as schore, referring to a prop or supporting piece of timber. From the physical practice of bracing walls and structures came the broader expression shore up, meaning to reinforce something weak.
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