ammonium
アンモニウム
解説 Definition
ammonium は、化学で使われる名詞で、アンモニアからできる正の電荷を持つイオンを指します。肥料や化学物質の名前に ammonium nitrate や ammonium chloride のように現れることがあります。
Ammonium is the positively charged polyatomic ion NH₄⁺, formed when ammonia accepts a proton. It occurs in many compounds, including ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate, and is an important source of nitrogen in fertilizers.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
ammonium は ammonia「アンモニア」に化学名で使われる -ium が付いた語で、NH₄⁺という正電荷のイオンを指します。ammonium chloride、ammonium nitrate、ammonium fertilizer のように化合物名の先頭でよく見ます。中性分子 NH₃ の ammonia と、陽イオン NH₄⁺ の ammonium を区別して覚えましょう。
Connect ammonium directly with ammonia, but keep their formulas and charges distinct. Ammonia is the neutral molecule NH₃, while ammonium is NH₄⁺, produced when ammonia gains a proton. The extra hydrogen and the positive sign are the key memory points. Ammonium commonly appears as the first part of compound names, such as ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate, and many ammonium compounds are used in fertilizers. The ending -ium is common in chemical naming, but here the precise target is a polyatomic positive ion, not a metallic element.
例文
Ammonium is often found in fertilizers.
アンモニウムは肥料によく含まれています。
The lab report mentioned ammonium chloride.
その実験レポートには塩化アンモニウムが書かれていました。
Students learned that ammonium has a positive charge.
学生たちはアンモニウムが正の電荷を持つことを学びました。
ammonium の類義語・関連語
派生語
紛らわしい語
ammonium の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ammonium は ammonia に化学名詞語尾 -ium が付いた語で、ammonia はラテン語 sal ammoniacus「アモンの塩」に由来します。アモンは古代リビアで崇拝された神の名で、その地の鉱物名から「アンモニア由来の陽イオン」という意味になりました。関連語は ammonia, ammoniac です.
Ammonium was formed from ammonia with the chemical naming suffix -ium. Ammonia ultimately takes its name from Latin sal ammoniacus, “salt of Ammon,” a term associated with deposits or materials linked in ancient tradition to the region of the Egyptian god Ammon or Amun. As chemical terminology developed, ammonium became the name for the NH₄⁺ ion derived when ammonia accepts a proton. The historical name therefore passed from an ancient salt term into the modern names ammonia and ammonium.
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