catatonic
意味一覧 (2件)
緊張病性の
解説 Definition
統合失調症の一型である緊張病に関する状態。体が硬直して動かなくなる症状を特徴とする。
Catatonic describes a medical state in which a person does not move, speak, or respond normally. It is mainly used in psychology or medicine, though people sometimes use it informally to mean completely frozen or unresponsive.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
catatonic は医学・精神医学の文脈で「緊張病性の」として覚えます。名詞 catatonia「緊張病、緊張症」に形容詞語尾 -ic が付いた形で、catatonic state や catatonic episode のように、硬直、無言、姿勢保持、反応の低下などを伴う臨床的な状態を指します。単なるショックで固まった様子ではなく、診断や症状説明に出る専門語だと押さえると、ニュースや医学記事で意味を取りやすくなります。
Learn catatonic next to the noun catatonia. The ending -ic often means related to or in that state, so catatonic means related to catatonia. Picture a serious medical state with little movement, little speech, and very low response.
例文
The patient became catatonic and remained motionless for hours.
患者は緊張病性の状態になり、何時間も動かないままだった。
She was so shocked by the news that she sat in a nearly catatonic state.
そのニュースにあまりにも衝撃を受けて、彼女はほぼ緊張病的な状態で座っていた。
The psychiatrist specialized in treating catatonic episodes in schizophrenia patients.
その精神科医は統合失調症患者の緊張病性エピソードの治療を専門としていた。
無反応の
(意味 2)解説 Definition
人が強いショック、疲労、恐怖などでほとんど動かず、話しかけても反応しない様子を表します。医学的な病名そのものより、日常や報道で「固まって無反応になった」という比喩的な描写に使われます。
If a person is catatonic, they are almost completely still and do not react when people speak to them or when things happen around them. It can describe someone who has shut down because of extreme shock, fear, stress, or exhaustion. In everyday English and news writing, it is often used more broadly for a person who seems frozen and unresponsive, not only in a medical sense.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
catatonic は医学語 catatonia「緊張病」に -ic が付いた形容詞で、心や体の反応が止まったように無反応な状態を指します。典型的には catatonic state, catatonic patient, fall into a catatonic silence などで使います。unresponsive より、動かず話さず固まる病的・強い停止感があると覚えます。
You can remember catatonic by thinking of a person who is so shocked or afraid that they seem to turn into a statue. The middle part sounds a little like "tonic," but here the idea is not energy, it is the opposite: the body and mind seem to stop responding. Picture someone sitting still, silent, and frozen after a terrible surprise.
例文
After hearing the news, he sat catatonic on the sofa and did not answer anyone.
その知らせを聞いたあと、彼はソファに無反応のまま座り、誰にも返事をしなかった。
She looked catatonic with exhaustion after working through the night.
彼女は徹夜で働いたあと、疲れ切って無反応のように見えた。
The witness described the child as catatonic with fear during the storm.
目撃者は、その子が嵐の間、恐怖で無反応の状態だったと述べた。
catatonic の語源・成り立ち Etymology
catatonicはcatatoniaから来た語で、ギリシャ語kata-「下へ・完全に」＋tonos「緊張・張り」が土台です。心身の緊張が異常に固定された状態を表し、「張りが下へ落ちた／固まった」ような像から意味がつかめます。関連語はtone, tonicです。
Catatonic comes from catatonia, a modern medical term built from Greek parts: kata-, meaning down or completely, and tonos, meaning tension or tone. The word was formed to describe a condition in which normal bodily or mental tension seems fixed, altered, or shut down. From there it developed into the adjective catatonic. Tone and tonic come from the same Greek root.
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