counterrevolutionary
反革命的な
解説 Definition
革命を反対する、または反革命的な行動。既存の権力体制の転覆に対抗する思想や行動。
Counterrevolutionary describes actions, ideas, or people that oppose a political revolution or try to stop its goals. It is often used in historical or political discussions. The word usually carries a strong negative meaning from the viewpoint of revolution supporters.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
まず核は revolution「革命」です。そこに counter- が付くと「〜に対抗する」で、counterattack や countermeasure と同じ発想で『革命に対抗する側』と取れます。さらに revolutionary は「革命的な」なので、counterrevolutionary は直訳に近く「反革命的な」。a counterrevolutionary movement / forces のように、革命を止めるだけでなく押し戻して旧体制を守る文脈で出やすい語です。anti-revolutionary も近いですが、counterrevolutionary のほうが政治運動・勢力としての響きが強い、と区別すると残りやすいです。
Build it from parts: `counter-` + `revolutionary`. `Counter-` means against or in response, like in `counterattack` or `countermeasure`. So `counterrevolutionary` means being on the side that pushes back against a revolution. It often appears with words like `movement` or `forces`, which gives it a strong political feeling.
例文
The counterrevolutionary forces opposed the new government's reforms.
反革命的な勢力は新政府の改革に反対しました。
Counterrevolutionary activities were strictly monitored during the upheaval.
反革命的活動は混乱の最中に厳密に監視されました。
The regime labeled the protesters as counterrevolutionary agitators.
政権は抗議者を反革命的な扇動者と呼びました。
counterrevolutionary の類義語・関連語
counterrevolutionary の語源・成り立ち Etymology
counter- はラテン語 contra「反対へ」、revolutionary は revolvere「回転させる」に由来します。revolve や evolution と同じ volv- を含み、社会を回して変える革命に逆らうので counterrevolutionary は「反革命的な」です。
This word combines counter-, from Latin contra "against," with revolutionary, from Latin revolvere "to roll back or turn around." The root volv- also appears in revolve and evolution. The idea developed from physical turning to social and political change, so counterrevolutionary means opposing that kind of change.
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