creole
クレオール語
解説 Definition
Creole は「クレオール語」という意味です。異なる言語の接触から生まれ、母語として使われるようになった言語を指し、特定の一言語だけでなく複数のクレオール語を表します。
A creole is a fully developed natural language that arose through sustained contact between speakers of different languages and became a native language within a community. The term describes a type of language, while names such as Haitian Creole identify particular languages.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
creole は異なる言語の接触から生まれ、共同体の子どもが母語として身に付けるようになった言語を指す。単なる混成表現ではなく、独自の文法と語彙を備えた完全な言語である点が重要。Haitian Creole のように地域名を前に置く用法と、pidgin との違いを組み合わせて覚える。
Think of creole as a language that has grown within a community, not as random or broken speech. It develops in a setting where different languages are in sustained contact and is acquired by children as a native language, with its own systematic grammar and vocabulary. Contrast it with a pidgin, which is typically a contact language used as an additional means of communication and initially has no native speakers. Remember a specific example such as Haitian Creole: Haitian identifies the community, while Creole names the language. The historical idea of something “raised locally” helps connect the linguistic meaning to the word’s origin.
例文
She learned Creole from her grandparents.
彼女は祖父母からクレオール語を学びました。
The children speak Creole at home and English at school.
その子どもたちは家ではクレオール語を、学校では英語を話します。
The researcher recorded stories told in Creole.
研究者はクレオール語で語られた話を記録しました。
creole の類義語・関連語
creole の語源・成り立ち Etymology
creole はスペイン語 criollo、さらにポルトガル語 crioulo にさかのぼり、語根は criar「育てる」です。もとは「植民地で育った現地生まれの人」を指し、そこから土地で育った言語や文化の意味へ広がりました。関連語は create, creature。
Creole came into English through French créole, from Spanish criollo and Portuguese crioulo. These forms are connected with Portuguese criar, “to raise” or “to bring up.” The word originally referred to a person born and raised in a colony rather than overseas. Its meaning later expanded to locally developed cultures and languages, producing the modern linguistic term for languages that emerged through contact and became native within a community.
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