disinherit
廃嫡
解説 Definition
遺言や法的手続きによって、本来の相続人を家督・遺産の継承から正式に外すこと。日本語の「廃嫡」に近く、家系や身分の継承をめぐる硬い文脈で、個人的な不仲より制度上の排除を強く表す。
To disinherit someone means to legally prevent them from receiving your money or property after you die. It is usually used in family and legal contexts, especially when talking about wills. This is a formal word with a strong negative meaning.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
「廃嫡」として覚えるなら、inherit「相続する」に dis- が付いて、継承の資格そのものを取り消す語だと押さえる。will, heir, estate よりも family line, eldest son, title などが絡むと、財産分配だけでなく家の後継者から外す響きが強い。歴史小説、伝記、旧家や王侯貴族の説明に出やすい、かなり文語的な動詞。
Build it from `inherit` with the prefix `dis-`, which often gives a negative or opposite idea. So `disinherit` means taking someone out of inheritance. Connect it with words like `will`, `heir`, and `estate` to keep the legal family context clear.
例文
The father decided to disinherit his rebellious son.
その父親は反抗的な息子を廃嫡することにした。
She was threatened with disinheritance if she married against her parents' wishes.
彼女は両親の意に反して結婚したら廃嫡されると脅された。
The will stated that the eldest son would not be disinherited.
その遺言は長男は廃嫡されないと述べていた。
disinherit の類義語・関連語
disinherit の語源・成り立ち Etymology
disinherit は dis-「外す・否定する」+ inherit から成り、核の inherit はラテン語 heres「相続人」にさかのぼります。つまり「相続人の位置から外す」が原義で、財産を与えないだけでなく家の継承線から切り離す感覚が見えます。関連語は heir, hereditary。
"Disinherit" combines the prefix "dis-," meaning removal or reversal, with "inherit." The core of "inherit" goes back to Latin "heres," meaning "heir." So the original idea is to remove someone from the position of heir, which later became the legal sense of refusing them an inheritance; related words include "heir" and "hereditary."
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