dissolved
溶けた
解説 Definition
dissolved は dissolve（溶ける、溶かす）の過去形・過去分詞です。砂糖や塩などが液体の中に溶けた状態を表すときによく使われます。
Dissolved is the past-tense and past-participle form of dissolve. In this sense, it describes a substance that mixed completely into a liquid and became part of a solution, or the process by which this happened.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
dissolved は dissolve の過去形・過去分詞で、語末 e の後に -d を付けます。最後の音 /v/ が有声音なので -ed は /d/ と発音し、全体は /dɪˈzɒlvd/ などとなります。sugar dissolved in tea のように、物質が液体中で見えなくなる場面と結び付けましょう。
Dissolved is the past tense and past participle of dissolve. Since dissolve already ends in e, simply add -d: dissolve becomes dissolved. The ending is pronounced /d/ because the preceding /v/ is voiced. Picture sugar disappearing into hot tea: the sugar dissolved in the tea, and afterward it had dissolved completely. The parts dis- and solve historically suggest loosening or separating, which matches the idea of a solid’s particles spreading through a liquid. Useful patterns are dissolve in water, be dissolved in a liquid, and completely dissolved.
例文
The sugar dissolved in the hot tea.
砂糖は熱いお茶に溶けました。
The salt dissolved quickly in the water.
塩は水の中ですぐに溶けました。
The powder had dissolved before I stirred it again.
私がもう一度かき混ぜる前に、その粉は溶けていました。
dissolved の類義語・関連語
dissolved の語源・成り立ち Etymology
dissolved は dissolve の過去形で、ラテン語 dissolvere「ほどいてばらす」が語源です。dis-「離して」+ solvere「ゆるめる」から成り、solve や solvent と同根なので、「結びつきがほどけて溶ける」と考えると意味がつかみやすいです。
Dissolved is formed from dissolve by adding the past-tense and past-participle ending -d. Dissolve came through Latin dissolvere, combining dis-, “apart,” with solvere, “to loosen, release, or untie.” The original image is of bonds being loosened and something being separated into its parts. This history connects dissolve with solve and solvent and supports its modern chemical sense of dispersing a substance throughout a liquid.
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