食べた
解説 Definition
eaten は eat（食べる）の過去分詞です。主に have や has と一緒に使い、「食べた」「食べてしまった」という意味を表します。
Eaten is the past participle of eat. It is used with have, has, or had to form perfect tenses, and with forms of be in passive constructions when something has been consumed or affected by eating.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
eat「食べる」の不規則な過去分詞で、eat–ate–eaten と三形をセットで覚える。発音は eat /iːt/、ate /eɪt/、eaten /ˈiːtən/ と変化する。eaten 単独で過去を作らず、have eaten、has eaten、had eaten のように完了形で使うのが例文の要点。
Learn the three irregular forms together: eat, ate, eaten. Their pronunciations are /iːt/, /eɪt/, and /ˈiːtən/, so eaten adds a second syllable and returns to the long vowel heard in eat. Do not use eaten alone as the simple past; use ate for that. Eaten normally follows have, has, or had, as in I have eaten lunch and They had eaten dinner. It can also appear in passive forms such as The cake was eaten.
例文
I have eaten lunch already.
私はもう昼食を食べました。
She has eaten all the apples.
彼女はリンゴを全部食べました。
They had eaten dinner before the movie.
彼らは映画の前に夕食を食べていました。
eaten の類義語・関連語
eaten の語源・成り立ち Etymology
eaten は eat の過去分詞で、古英語 etan、さらにゲルマン祖語 *etaną、印欧祖語 *ed-「食べる」に由来します。語根 *ed- は edible にも見られ、eaten は「食べる」という最も基本的な動作を古い形のまま受け継いだ語です。
Eaten is the inherited past participle of eat. Eat comes from Old English etan and ultimately from a Proto-Indo-European root reconstructed as ed-, “to eat.” Closely related forms occur throughout the Germanic languages. The ancient root also appears in learned English words such as edible. The -en ending preserves an old Germanic pattern still visible in participles such as written, broken, and taken.
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