eutrophication
富栄養化
解説 Definition
湖や水域が栄養分、特に窒素やリンが過剰に増加し、藻が異常繁殖する現象。水の質が低下し、生態系に悪影響をもたらします。
Eutrophication is the process in which water becomes too rich in nutrients, causing plants and algae to grow too much. This often happens in lakes, rivers, or coastal areas and can harm fish and other life in the water. The word is mainly used in environmental science.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
長い語ですが、まず後ろの -ation で「現象・過程」の名詞だとつかみます。覚える核は “nutrients increase in water → algae bloom → oxygen drops” という連鎖です。eutrophication は単なる pollution ではなく、窒素やリンが多すぎて水が栄養過多になり、藻が増えすぎるタイプの悪化。lake eutrophication, prevent eutrophication, caused by nitrogen and phosphorus runoff のまとまりで覚えると定着しやすいです。
This is a long word, so remember the ending -ation first: it names a process. Then keep one chain in mind: too many nutrients in water, more algae, less oxygen. That simple cause-and-effect picture helps fix the word in memory.
例文
Eutrophication of the lake has led to the death of fish populations.
その湖の富栄養化は魚の個体群の死滅をもたらしました。
Agricultural runoff accelerates eutrophication in water bodies.
農業流出は水域の富栄養化を加速させます。
Scientists are working to reverse the eutrophication process.
科学者たちは富栄養化を改善するために取り組んでいます。
eutrophication の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
eutrophication の語源・成り立ち Etymology
eutrophication は eu-「よい」+ troph-「養う」を核に、-ation が付いた学術語です。文字どおりは「栄養状態がよくなること」ですが、水中で栄養塩が増えすぎる現象を指すようになりました。関連語は trophic, atrophy です。
Eutrophication is a scientific word built from Greek eu- "well" and troph- "nourish, feed," plus the noun ending -ation. It originally suggests a state of being well nourished. In modern science, it came to mean a situation where water becomes too rich in nutrients; related words include trophic and atrophy.
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