fluctuating
変動する
解説 Definition
fluctuating は fluctuate（変動する）の現在分詞・動名詞です。価格、気温、数値、気分などが一定せず上下したり変わったりする様子を表します。
Fluctuating describes something that is repeatedly rising, falling, or changing rather than remaining at a steady level. It is commonly used for prices, temperatures, exchange rates, measurements, and emotional states.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
原形 fluctuate の語末 e を落として -ing を付けた現在分詞・動名詞で、発音は「フラクチュエイティング」に近い形です。波のように上下するイメージを、fluctuating prices、fluctuating temperatures、fluctuating exchange rates など、一定しない数値と結び付けて覚えます。
Fluctuating is the -ing form of fluctuate: the final silent e is dropped before -ing is added. Connect it with a line on a graph that repeatedly moves up and down instead of staying level. Typical combinations include fluctuating prices, fluctuating temperatures, and a fluctuating exchange rate. As a participle, it can describe an ongoing change, as in “the temperature is fluctuating,” or modify a noun, as in “fluctuating prices.” Its central idea is repeated, irregular variation, not one simple increase or decrease.
例文
The temperature is fluctuating throughout the day.
気温は一日を通して変動しています。
Fluctuating prices made planning the budget difficult.
価格が変動したため、予算を立てるのが難しくなりました。
The company watched the fluctuating exchange rate closely.
その会社は変動する為替レートを注意深く見守りました。
fluctuating の類義語・関連語
fluctuating の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語のfluctuareに由来し、語根flu-（流れる）に波状化の接尾辞がつきました。海面が波で絶えず上下するイメージから、数値や情勢が定まらない「変動する」と訳されます。同じ「流れる」語根を持つfluid（流体）やinflux（流入）も同系統です。
Fluctuating is formed from fluctuate by dropping the final e and adding -ing. Fluctuate entered English through Latin fluctuare, meaning to move like waves, from fluctus, “a wave,” which is related to fluere, “to flow.” The physical image of water continually rising and falling developed into the modern sense of values, conditions, or feelings changing irregularly.
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