harming
害を与える
解説 Definition
harming は harm(害を与える、傷つける)の現在分詞・動名詞です。人や物事に悪い影響を与える行為について使われ、身体的な害にも精神的・社会的な害にも使えます。
Harming is the present participle and gerund form of harm, meaning causing physical injury, emotional pain, damage, or another negative effect to a person, living thing, object, or situation. It appears in progressive constructions and after verbs such as stop.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
harming は原形 harm「害を与える」に -ing をそのまま付けた形で、発音は /ˈhɑːrmɪŋ/。The smoke is harming the plants のような進行形や、stop harming the river のような動名詞で使います。身体を傷つける場合だけでなく、環境・評判・人間関係などに悪影響を及ぼす場合にも広く使えると覚えましょう。
Link harming directly to the base verb harm, “cause damage or injury.” The form is made simply by adding -ing, with no spelling change: harm becomes harming, pronounced /ˈhɑːrmɪŋ/. Use it in a progressive form, as in Smoke is harming the plants, or as a gerund after stop, as in stop harming the river. Harm is broader than physically hurt: false information can harm innocent people, and an action can harm an ecosystem, reputation, or relationship. This broad idea of producing a negative effect is the key memory connection.
例文
The smoke is harming the plants.
その煙は植物に害を与えています。
We must stop harming the river.
私たちは川に害を与えるのをやめなければなりません。
Spreading false information can end up harming innocent people.
誤った情報を広めると、罪のない人々を傷つけることになりかねません。
harming の類義語・関連語
harming の語源・成り立ち Etymology
harming は harm に進行・性質を表す -ing が付いた形です。harm は古英語 hearm「害・苦痛」に由来するゲルマン系の語で、「害を与えているもの」からそのまま「有害な」の感覚になります。関連語は harmful, harmless。
Harming is the -ing form of harm. Harm comes from Old English hearm, a noun meaning injury, pain, grief, or damage, and belongs to a Germanic family of words with similar senses. English later used harm as a verb meaning to cause injury or damage. Adding -ing creates the present participle or gerund without changing the spelling of the base word.
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