hernia
ヘルニア
解説 Definition
hernia は、体内の組織や臓器の一部が本来の位置から外に出る状態、つまりヘルニアという意味です。日本語でも医学用語として使われ、英語でも病名や診断の説明で用いられます。
A hernia is a medical condition in which an organ, fatty tissue, or another body structure pushes through a weak area in the muscle or connective tissue that normally contains it. It may cause a visible swelling, discomfort, or pain during movement.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
日本語の「ヘルニア」と対応しますが、英語では have a hernia、diagnose someone with a hernia、repair a hernia の形が典型的です。体内の組織や臓器の一部が周囲の弱い箇所から押し出される状態を思い浮かべます。herniate は「ヘルニアを起こす」、hernial は「ヘルニアの」です。
Link hernia with the idea of something inside the body pushing through a weak place in the tissue that should contain it. Common patterns are have a hernia, be diagnosed with a hernia, and repair a hernia surgically. The related verb herniate describes tissue protruding in this way, while hernial means relating to a hernia. Do not automatically equate every hernia with a “slipped disc”: a herniated disc is one specific spinal condition, whereas hernias can occur in several parts of the body.
例文
The doctor diagnosed him with a hernia.
医師は彼をヘルニアと診断しました。
A hernia can cause pain during movement.
ヘルニアは動くときに痛みを引き起こすことがあります。
She had surgery to repair the hernia.
彼女はヘルニアを治すために手術を受けました。
hernia の類義語・関連語
hernia の語源・成り立ち Etymology
hernia はラテン語 hernia『腸が裂けて飛び出す状態』から来た語。さらに hira『腸』に結びつき、“内臓が本来の位置から破れて出る”イメージがそのまま『ヘルニア』の意味になった。関連語は herniate, hernial。
Hernia is a direct borrowing from Latin hernia, the Latin name for a bodily rupture or protrusion, especially one involving the abdomen. The word was adopted into medical English and became the standard noun for tissue or an organ pushing through a containing structure. The related modern terms herniate and hernial were formed from the same medical base.
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