his
彼の
解説 Definition
男性一人に属する物や、その男性と関係する人・事柄を示す。通常は名詞の直前に置かれる。
Used before a noun to show that a person, thing, or matter belongs to or is connected with one male person. The same form can also stand alone as a possessive pronoun, as in “The book is his.”
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
he–him–his の最後が所有を表す his。「彼自身の側にある」という感覚で、his phone、his family、his idea のように名詞の前へ置く。her と違い、his は This book is his のように後ろの名詞を省いて「彼のもの」とも言える。his book と the book is his を対で覚えると定着しやすい。
Place his at the possession end of the set he–him–his: he acts, something happens to him, and something is his. Before a noun, it marks a connection with a male person, as in “his phone,” “his parents,” or “his idea.” Unlike her, his does not change when the noun is omitted: compare “his book” with “The book is his.” Remember both patterns together. The form identifies the possessor, not the thing possessed, so his can modify either a singular or a plural noun: “his hand” and “his hands.”
例文
Tom left his phone at home.
トムは携帯電話を家に置き忘れた。
His parents live in Osaka.
彼の両親は大阪に住んでいる。
He raised his hand in class.
彼は授業中に手を挙げた。
his の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語の男性代名詞 hē「彼」の属格形 his に由来します。千年以上にわたって所有や関係を示す形として使われ、現代英語では his car「彼の車」のほか、単独で「彼のもの」を表すこともできます。
His descends from Old English his, the genitive form of the masculine pronoun hē, meaning “he.” The genitive marked possession or another close relationship, much as modern his does. The form has therefore remained recognizable for over a thousand years. In present-day English, his functions both before a noun, as in “his car,” and independently, as in “The car is his.”
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