lozenge
トローチ
解説 Definition
喉の痛みを和らげるために口の中でゆっくり溶かす薬用キャンディー。トローチ錠。
A lozenge is a small medicated tablet that you slowly dissolve in your mouth, usually to soothe a sore throat or cough. It is commonly sold in pharmacies and used as a simple treatment for throat discomfort. In some technical contexts, it can also mean a diamond-shaped form, but the medical meaning is more common in everyday English.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
lozenge は単独で丸暗記するより、throat lozenge（のど用トローチ）という定番の組み合わせで覚えると残りやすい語です。tablet や pill が基本的に「飲み込む錠剤」で take / swallow と結びつくのに対し、lozenge は suck on it, let it dissolve の側にある語。つまり、口の中でゆっくり溶かす小さな薬用キャンディーです。sore throat の場面でよく出て、cough drop と近い仲間。見た目は candy でも役割は medicine 寄り、と整理すると定着します。
Learn it in the common phrase `throat lozenge`. Unlike a `pill` or `tablet`, a lozenge is not something you quickly swallow; you let it dissolve slowly in your mouth. That contrast makes the word easier to fix in memory.
例文
She sucked on a lozenge to soothe her sore throat.
彼女は喉の痛みを和らげるためにトローチをなめた。
The doctor recommended a medicated lozenge for the cough.
医師は咳を和らげるために薬用トローチを勧めた。
He always keeps a pack of throat lozenges in his desk drawer.
彼はいつもデスクの引き出しに喉用のトローチを入れている。
lozenge の類義語・関連語
類義語
紛らわしい語
lozenge の語源・成り立ち Etymology
lozenge は古フランス語で「ひし形の飾り・図形」を表した語を経た語です。初期のトローチがひし形だったため、形の名が薬の名に移り、「なぜひし形がトローチなのか」が語源から納得できます。関連語は lozenged、lozenge-shaped です。
Lozenge came into English through Old French, where it meant a diamond-shaped figure or ornament. Early cough tablets were often made in that shape, so the name of the shape became the name of the medicine. The meaning shifted from geometry to a small medicinal sweet because of that visual link. Related forms include lozenge-shaped and lozenged.
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