overpayments
過払い金
解説 Definition
請求額より多く支払われた金銭。本来支払うべき額を超えて支払われた金額を指す。
Overpayments are payments that are larger than the correct or required amount. This word is often used for bills, taxes, loans, wages, or insurance. If there is an overpayment, the extra money usually needs to be returned or credited.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
payment が「支払い」、over- が「過剰に」を表すので、まず overpay「払いすぎる」を思い出し、その結果として生じたお金が overpayment(s) とつなげると覚えやすいです。underpayment（支払い不足）の反対として置くと整理しやすく、意味がぶれません。refund an overpayment、tax overpayments のように、税金・請求・ローンで『本来額を超えて払ってしまった分』に使われます。単なる payment ではなく、“too much paid” が核です。
Break it into `over-` + `payment`. If `overpay` means pay too much, `overpayments` are the extra amounts that came from that. It is easy to remember by pairing it with the opposite, `underpayment`.
例文
The customer discovered overpayments in their utility bills and requested a refund.
顧客は公共料金の過払い金を発見し、払い戻しを請求した。
Accounting audits often reveal overpayments that need to be recovered from vendors.
会計監査はしばしばベンダーからの回収が必要な過払い金を明らかにする。
The company processed multiple overpayments due to billing system errors.
会社は請求システムのエラーのため複数の過払い金を処理した。
overpayments の類義語・関連語
派生語
overpayments の語源・成り立ち Etymology
overpayments は over-「過度に」+ payment の複合語で、payment は pay に名詞語尾 -ment が付いた形です。pay は古フランス語を経てラテン語 pacāre「満足させる」にさかのぼり、repay や payable と比べると「過払い金」の意味が腑に落ちます。
Overpayments combines over-, meaning "too much," with payments. Payment comes from pay plus the noun ending -ment, and pay came through Old French from Latin pacare, meaning "to satisfy" or "make peace." Related words include repay and payable. The compound developed the sense of money paid in excess of what was due.
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう