patrolman
巡査
解説 Definition
特定の地域や区域を巡回する警察官。犯罪の予防や秩序維持のために街を パトロールする警察の職員です。
A patrolman is a male police officer whose job is to watch an area, keep order, and respond to problems. The word is often used for officers who work on the streets, especially on foot or in a car. In modern English, gender-neutral words like "police officer" are more common.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
patrolman は patrol を知っていればかなり覚えやすい語です。patrol car, patrol the area, patrol the streets のように「地域を決めて見回る」場面を先に押さえると、そこに man が付いて「巡回する人」= 巡査と自然につながります。policeman よりも“担当区域を歩く・回る”現場感が強く、officer より職務の動きが見えやすい語です。guard や watchman は「見張る」寄りで、patrolman は一定の区域を動きながら警戒するイメージで区別すると定着します。
Start with `patrol`: patrol cars patrol streets and neighborhoods by moving around a fixed area. Add `-man`, and you get the person who does that job. It feels more like active street checking than the more general word `officer`.
例文
The patrolman walked his beat through the neighborhood every evening.
その巡査は毎晩近所をパトロールして回った。
A patrolman stopped the speeding car and issued a ticket.
巡査はスピード違反の車を止めてチケットを切った。
The experienced patrolman knew every street in his district.
経験豊かな巡査は自分の管轄内のすべての通りを知っていた。
patrolman の類義語・関連語
類義語
patrolman の語源・成り立ち Etymology
patrolmanはpatrol「巡回」+ man「人」から成る語です。patrolはフランス語patrouille、さらに古フランス語の「ぬかるみを歩き回る」語感にさかのぼるとされます。patrol、patrollingを見ると、見回りが足で回る仕事だと腑に落ちます。
Patrolman was formed from patrol and man. Patrol came through French patrouille and is often linked to an older word about moving around on foot, especially through mud or rough ground. The idea developed into going around an area to watch and check it, and patrolman became a word for a person who does that work. Related words include patrol and patrolling.
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