phosphorylated
リン酸化された
解説 Definition
生化学でリン酸基が分子に結合した状態。細胞内のシグナル伝達に重要。
Phosphorylated means that a phosphate group has been added to a molecule. This word is often used in biology and chemistry, especially when describing proteins or other substances inside cells. It is a technical term that shows a chemical change has happened.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
phosphorylated は phosphate（リン酸）, phosphorylate（リン酸化する）, phosphorylation（リン酸化）をまとめて覚えると定着しやすいです。語尾 -ed が付いて「リン酸化された状態の」という形容詞になります。動詞→名詞→形容詞の並びで見ると形が長くても追いやすい語です。生化学では phosphorylated protein のように、分子やタンパク質が調節を受けた文脈で頻出。dephosphorylated は逆の「脱リン酸化された」なので対で覚えると混同しません。
Build this word in steps: "phosphate" to "phosphorylate" to "phosphorylated." The "-ed" ending helps you remember it describes something after a change, like a finished state. In biology, it often appears in phrases like "phosphorylated protein," so learn it as a set phrase. Pair it with "dephosphorylated" to remember the opposite direction.
例文
The phosphorylated protein plays a critical role in cellular signal transduction.
リン酸化されたタンパク質は細胞のシグナル伝達において重要な役割を果たす。
Researchers discovered that the phosphorylated enzyme was significantly more active.
研究者たちはリン酸化された酵素が著しく活性が高いことを発見した。
The study examined how phosphorylated molecules regulate gene expression.
その研究はリン酸化された分子がどのように遺伝子発現を制御するかを調べた。
phosphorylated の類義語・関連語
phosphorylated の語源・成り立ち Etymology
phosphorylated は phosphorus 由来の phosphoryl に、-ate と過去分詞 -ed が重なった形です。phos「光」+ phor「運ぶ」を含むリンが、phosphate や phosphorylation として付くので「リン酸化された」になります。
Phosphorylated is built from phosphoryl, itself based on phosphorus, with the verb ending -ate and the past ending -ed. Phosphorus comes from Greek words meaning "light" and "to carry," because the element was known for glowing. From that chemical root, the meaning developed into "having a phosphate group added," as in phosphorylation.
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