pretreatment
前処理
解説 Definition
本格的な処理や治療を行う前の準備段階としての予備的処理。
Pretreatment is a process done before the main treatment or main stage of work begins. It is used in fields such as medicine, manufacturing, and data processing to prepare something and improve later results. The word suggests an important first step rather than the final action.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
pre- が付くので「本番の treatment の前にやるもの」と押さえると覚えやすい。treatment を知っていれば、その前段階という意味が自然に見える。医療なら pretreatment before surgery や cancer pretreatment、工業なら water pretreatment のように、本処理の効果を上げるための準備に使う語。preparation よりも「実際に何らかの処理を施す」感じが強く、単なる準備ではなく、前処置・下処理を指す点を意識すると定着しやすい。
Use the prefix first: "pre-" means "before," so "pretreatment" is something done before the main treatment. If you already know "treatment," the word is easy to build. It helps to think of common collocations like "water pretreatment" or "pretreatment before surgery." That keeps the idea of an actual process, not just general preparation.
例文
Pretreatment of the fabric with a special solution prevents shrinkage during washing.
特別な溶液による布地の前処理は洗濯中の縮みを防ぐ。
The doctor recommended a pretreatment regimen before starting chemotherapy.
医師は化学療法を始める前に前処理の投薬計画を勧めた。
Wastewater pretreatment removes large contaminants before the main purification stage.
廃水の前処理は主要な浄化段階の前に大きな汚染物質を除去する。
pretreatment の類義語・関連語
pretreatment の語源・成り立ち Etymology
pretreatment は pre-「前もって」と、ラテン語 tractare「扱う」に由来する treat + -ment から成る語です。直訳は「前もって施す扱い」で、加工や治療の前段階を指すのが腑に落ちます。関連語は treat, treatment。
Pretreatment is made from pre- "before" and treatment. Treatment comes from treat, which goes back through Old French to Latin tractare, meaning "to handle" or "deal with." So pretreatment originally meant treatment given beforehand, before the main process or cure.
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