側弯症
解説 Definition
側弯症とは、脊椎が本来の垂直な位置から左右に曲がる医学的な状態です。背骨の異常な湾曲を指す医学用語です。
Scoliosis is a medical condition in which the spine curves sideways in an unusual way. It is used in health and medical contexts when talking about posture, back shape, or treatment. The condition can be mild or more serious depending on the degree of the curve.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
医療英語では -osis が「病態・症状」を表すことが多いので、まず語尾で“病名らしい”と見抜くのがコツです。scoliosis は一般語というより診断名として出やすく、be diagnosed with scoliosis, mild/severe scoliosis の形で覚えると定着します。意味は「背骨が左右にカーブする状態」。同じ脊椎の変形でも kyphosis は後ろに丸い、lordosis は前に反るで、scoliosis は横への曲がり。この対比で整理すると混同しにくくなります。
The ending `-osis` often appears in medical names, so it helps you recognize this as a condition. Learn it as a phrase: `be diagnosed with scoliosis` or `mild scoliosis`. To avoid mixing it up, remember: scoliosis is the spine curving sideways, not forward or backward.
例文
The doctor diagnosed her with scoliosis after noticing her spine curved sideways.
医師は背骨が横に曲がっていることに気づき、彼女を側弯症と診断しました。
For mild scoliosis, physical therapy can ease problems caused by a sideways-curving spine.
軽度の側弯症では、理学療法によって背骨が横に曲がることで生じる症状を和らげられます。
His scoliosis made his spine curve so severely that he needed surgery.
側弯症で背骨が大きく曲がり、彼には手術が必要でした。
scoliosis の類義語・関連語
紛らわしい語
scoliosis の語源・成り立ち Etymology
scoliosis はラテン語 scoliosis を経て、ギリシャ語 skoliosis「ねじれ・曲がり」に由来する。語根 skolios は『曲がった』、接尾辞 -osis は病態を表すので、『背骨が横に曲がる状態』という語形どおりの意味になり、関連語に scoliotic, scoliometer がある。
"Scoliosis" came into English through Latin from Greek "skoliosis," meaning "a bending" or "twisting." It is based on Greek "skolios," meaning "bent" or "crooked," plus "-osis," a suffix often used for a condition. So the word developed from the literal idea of crookedness into the name of a medical condition. Related forms include "scoliotic."
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