驚くべき
解説 Definition
surprising は surprise（驚かせる）の現在分詞に由来する形容詞で、「驚くべき」「意外な」という意味です。予想と違っていて、驚きを感じさせる物事に使います。
Something surprising is unexpected and causes people to feel surprise. The adjective describes news, facts, answers, events, or situations that differ noticeably from what someone predicted or normally experiences.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
動詞 surprise「驚かせる」に -ing が付いた形から、「人に驚きを起こさせる」という形容詞になります。surprising news、a surprising answer、It is surprising to ... をセットで覚えましょう。surprising は驚かせる物事、surprised は驚きを感じた人やその状態を修飾する、という -ing と -ed の対比が重要です。
Build surprising from the verb surprise plus -ing. The -ing form describes the thing that causes the feeling: surprising news, a surprising answer, or a surprising result. Contrast it with surprised, which describes the person who experiences the feeling: I was surprised by the news. This cause-versus-feeling distinction is the key memory pattern for many -ing and -ed adjectives. Also learn the structure It was surprising to see snow in April, where surprising evaluates an unexpected situation rather than describing a person’s emotional state.
例文
The news was surprising.
その知らせは驚くべきものでした。
She gave a surprising answer.
彼女は意外な答えをしました。
It was surprising to see snow in April.
4月に雪を見るのは驚きでした。
surprising の類義語・関連語
surprising の語源・成り立ち Etymology
フランス語 surprendre（不意に捕らえる）から。接頭辞 sur-（上から）＋ prendre（つかむ）で、「上から突然つかまれる」→「不意を突かれる」が原義。予期せぬ出来事に心をつかまれる感覚が「驚き」となった。関連語: surprise（驚き）、comprise（含む）。
Surprising is formed from surprise and the suffix -ing, with the final silent e of surprise dropped before the suffix. Surprise came through French, especially from surprendre, “to overtake or seize unexpectedly.” That French verb combines sur-, historically carrying the sense of “over,” with prendre, “to take.” The resulting idea of being caught unexpectedly developed into the modern senses of an unforeseen event and the feeling it causes. Surprising now describes whatever produces that feeling.
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