tonsillitis
扁桃炎
解説 Definition
喉の奥にある扁桃腺が炎症を起こし、痛みや発熱を伴う病気。
Tonsillitis is a medical condition in which the tonsils at the back of the throat become swollen and sore. It often causes a painful throat, difficulty swallowing, and sometimes fever. The word is mainly used in health and doctor-related situations.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
覚える軸は語尾の -itis です。これは medical English で「炎症」を表す超頻出パターンで、appendicitis, bronchitis, dermatitis などと同じ仲間。つまり tonsillitis は tonsil（扁桃腺）に炎症が起きたもの、とまとめて覚えると定着しやすいです。tonsil だけなら器官名、tonsillitis になると病名になる点も重要。sore throat, fever, swollen tonsils と一緒に思い出すと使用場面まで結びつきます。
Focus on the ending `-itis`. In medical English, `-itis` often means inflammation, like in `bronchitis` or `dermatitis`. So `tonsillitis` is easy to store as `tonsil + -itis`, meaning a problem with the tonsils, often together with words like `sore throat` or `swollen tonsils`.
例文
The doctor diagnosed her with tonsillitis and prescribed antibiotics.
医師は彼女を扁桃炎と診断し、抗生物質を処方した。
Recurring tonsillitis may require surgical removal of the tonsils.
繰り返す扁桃炎は扁桃腺の外科的摘出が必要になることがある。
His severe tonsillitis made it painful to swallow even water.
彼のひどい扁桃炎は水を飲み込むことさえ痛みを伴うほどだった。
tonsillitis の類義語・関連語
派生語
tonsillitis の語源・成り立ち Etymology
tonsillitis はラテン語 tonsillae「扁桃」と、ギリシャ語由来の医学語尾 -itis「炎症」から成ります。tonsillectomy や appendicitis にも同じ要素が見え、語の形そのものが「扁桃の炎症」と説明しています。
Tonsillitis is formed from Latin tonsillae, meaning the tonsils, and the medical ending -itis, from Greek, meaning inflammation. The structure of the word has stayed very clear: it literally means inflammation of the tonsils. The same ending appears in words like appendicitis, and the same base appears in tonsillectomy.
外部辞書で調べる
この単語を英単語クイズで覚えよう