踏んだ
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
trod は tread「踏む・歩く」の不規則過去形で、母音が /e/ から /ɒ/（米語では通例 /ɑː/）へ変わります。過去分詞は trodden が一般的ですが、trod も使われます。trod on the grass「草を踏んだ」、trod carefully「注意深く歩いた」のように、足を置いて進んだ過去の場面で覚えましょう。
Treat trod as an irregular form of tread, not as a separate action word. Tread has /e/, while trod changes the vowel to /ɒ/ in British English and usually /ɑː/ in American English. The usual pattern is tread–trod–trodden, although trod can also occur as a past participle. Picture someone who trod on the grass, trod carefully along a path, or accidentally trod on another person’s foot. The past-time setting helps distinguish trod from the present form tread.
trod の類義語・関連語
trod の語源・成り立ち Etymology
古英語「tredan（踏む、歩く）」の過去形で、ゲルマン祖語*trudaną（踏みつける）に遡る。足で地面を踏みしめて歩くという原義から、重い足取りで進むニュアンスを持つ。関連語にtread（踏む）、trade（もとは「踏み固めた道→商路」の意）がある。
Trod is the inherited past-tense form of tread. Tread comes from Old English tredan, “to step, walk, or trample,” and belongs to an old Germanic group of words connected with stepping underfoot. Its irregular vowel change reflects a historical strong-verb pattern rather than the addition of -ed. Modern English generally uses tread for the base form, trod for the past, and trodden or sometimes trod for the past participle.
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