vaccine
ワクチン
解説 Definition
ワクチンという意味です。病気を防ぐために体に免疫を作らせる薬を指し、日本語の「ワクチン」とほぼ同じ意味で使われます。
A vaccine is a biological preparation given to stimulate the immune system and protect a person or animal against a particular infectious disease, or to reduce the severity of that disease.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
ラテン語で「雌牛」を表す vacca と、牛痘を利用した天然痘予防の歴史を結びつけて覚えます。vaccine は免疫を作らせる製剤、vaccinate は「接種する」、vaccination は「予防接種」です。典型的には develop、receive、administer a vaccine のように使います。
Connect vaccine with Latin vacca, meaning “cow,” and with the historical use of cowpox material to protect people from smallpox. This factual connection makes the word easier to retain. Keep the word family together: a vaccine is the preparation, to vaccinate is to give it, and vaccination is the act or process. Useful combinations include develop a vaccine, receive a vaccine, administer a vaccine, and a vaccine against a disease. Unlike medicine used mainly after illness begins, a vaccine is typically associated with preparing the immune system in advance.
例文
The doctor gave me a vaccine.
医師が私にワクチンを打ちました。
This vaccine helps prevent the disease.
このワクチンはその病気を防ぐのに役立ちます。
She asked when the vaccine would be ready.
彼女はワクチンがいつ準備できるのか尋ねました。
vaccine の類義語・関連語
vaccine の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 vacca（雌牛）に由来。18世紀に英医師ジェンナーが牛痘（cowpox）を用いて天然痘予防法を開発し、vaccīnus（牛の）から vaccine が生まれた。関連語: vaccination（予防接種）、vaccinate（ワクチンを打つ）。牛が人類を疫病から救った歴史が名前に刻まれている。
Vaccine ultimately comes from Latin vacca, “cow,” through Latin vaccinus, “of or from cows.” The term became associated with smallpox prevention after Edward Jenner used material from cowpox to produce protection against smallpox in the late eighteenth century. It first referred specifically to cowpox-related material, but its meaning was later broadened to preparations that stimulate immunity against other diseases. Vaccinate and vaccination belong to the same word family.
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