vowed
誓った
解説 Definition
vowed は vow（誓う、固く約束する）の過去形・過去分詞です。強い決意をもって何かをすると約束したことを表します。
Made a serious and determined promise to do something or to ensure that something would happen. Vowed is the past tense and past participle of vow and often introduces the promised action with to or a that-clause.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
vow「固く誓う」に規則変化の -ed が付き、vowed /vaʊd/ となる過去形・過去分詞。promise より強い決意や厳粛さを伴う。vow to do「〜すると誓う」と vow that ...「…だと誓う」の型を例文で覚える。単に予定を述べたのではなく、守る意志を公に強く示した点が核である。
Use vow for a promise that sounds especially serious, firm, or solemn; vowed places that promise in the past or presents it as completed. It is the regular past form, created by adding -ed, and is pronounced /vaʊd/ as one syllable. Learn its two frequent patterns: she vowed to finish the work and he vowed that it would not happen again. Compared with promised, vowed usually carries stronger determination and may suggest a public, moral, or deeply personal commitment.
例文
She vowed to finish the work by Friday.
彼女は金曜日までに仕事を終えると誓いました。
They vowed to protect the old building.
彼らはその古い建物を守ると誓いました。
He vowed that the mistake would not happen again.
彼はその間違いを二度と起こさないと誓いました。
vowed の類義語・関連語
vowed の語源・成り立ち Etymology
ラテン語 votum（誓い・祈願）から古フランス語 vouer を経て英語 vow に。語根 vovēre は「神に誓う」の意で、vowed は「誓いを立てた」状態を表す。関連語: devote（献身する＝de+vovēre）、vote（投票＝元は神への誓い）。宗教的な誓願が世俗的な「固い約束」へと意味が広がった。
Vowed is the regular past tense and past participle of vow. Vow entered English through Old French forms related to vouer and ultimately comes from Latin votum, “a solemn promise, wish, or dedication,” from vovēre, “to promise solemnly.” The word was strongly associated with promises made to a deity or in a religious setting. Its meaning later broadened to include any firm and serious commitment. The ending -ed marks the past form.
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