abiotic
非生物的な
解説 Definition
生物ではない環境要因に関するさま。温度や水分など非生物的な条件を指す。
Abiotic means not living and not coming from living things. It is used in biology, ecology, and environmental science to describe factors such as light, temperature, water, or rocks. The word is often contrasted with "biotic," which refers to living things.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
biotic が「生物に関わる」と見えれば、先頭の a- で「not biotic」と反転すると覚えやすい。生態・環境の文脈では biotic factors / abiotic factors がセットで頻出し、前者は plants, animals, bacteria、後者は light, temperature, water, soil など。つまり「生き物」ではなく「生き物を取り巻く条件」を指す語。antibiotic と綴りが少し似るが、こちらは薬ではなく環境用語だと切り分けると混同しにくい。
If you know `biotic`, just add the prefix `a-`, meaning `not` or `without`. A strong memory pair is `biotic factors` and `abiotic factors`, which often appear together in science. Also, do not confuse it with `antibiotic`; they look similar, but belong to very different topics.
例文
Abiotic factors such as temperature and rainfall shape the desert ecosystem.
気温や降水量などの非生物的要因が砂漠の生態系を形作っている。
The study examined how abiotic stress affects plant growth.
その研究は非生物的ストレスが植物の成長にどう影響するかを調べた。
Both biotic and abiotic components must be considered in environmental assessments.
環境評価では生物的要素と非生物的要素の両方を考慮しなければならない。
abiotic の類義語・関連語
abiotic の語源・成り立ち Etymology
abiotic は a-「〜でない」+ biotic「生命の」で、biot- はギリシャ語 bios「生命」にさかのぼります。つまり字義どおり「生命がない」で、岩石や水のような非生物的なものを指します。関連語は biology, antibiotic です。
`abiotic` is formed from the prefix `a-` meaning "not" and `biotic`, meaning "connected with life." The root `bio-` comes from Greek `bios`, meaning "life," and appears in words like `biology` and `antibiotic`. The word was created in scientific English to mean literally "not living" or "without life."
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