anabaptist
再洗礼者
解説 Definition
16世紀のドイツおよびスイスで起こった、成人のバプテスマを主張したプロテスタント運動の支持者。再洗礼を行う人々のグループ。
An Anabaptist is a member of a Christian movement that believed people should be baptized when they are old enough to choose their faith for themselves. The term is mainly used in religious and historical discussions. It often refers to groups from the time of the Protestant Reformation.
覚え方のコツ Memory Tip
まず baptize / baptism が見えたら「洗礼」の語だとつかむ。そこに -ist が付くので「その立場の人々」。覚える軸は、Anabaptist = 乳児洗礼ではなく、信仰を自覚した成人に洗礼を授け直す立場、という一点。Baptist と混同しやすいが、Anabaptist は「成人洗礼・再洗礼」を強く打ち出す語。宗教史では radical Reformation の文脈で出やすく、 believer's baptism を一緒に覚えると定着しやすい。
First notice baptize or baptism inside the word. Then add -ist, which means a person connected with that belief or practice. The extra Ana- helps you remember a repeated or later baptism, not infant baptism. It is useful to connect it with believer's baptism so it does not blur with Baptist.
例文
Anabaptist communities established many settlements in North America.
再洗礼者のコミュニティは北米に多くの集落を設立しました。
The anabaptist movement challenged traditional Christian practices.
再洗礼者運動は伝統的なキリスト教の慣行に異議を唱えました。
Anabaptists believed in the separation of church and state.
再洗礼者は教会と国家の分離を信じていました。
anabaptist の語源・成り立ち Etymology
anabaptistはギリシャ語ana-「再び」+ baptizein「浸す・洗礼を授ける」+ -ist「〜する人」。つまり「もう一度洗礼する人」で、baptismやbaptizeと並べると、教義上の再洗礼をそのまま語形に刻んだ語だと見える。
Anabaptist comes from Greek ana- "again," baptizein "to dip" or "baptize," and the ending -ist for a person. The word literally meant someone connected with baptizing again. Its form reflects the historical idea of repeating baptism. Related words include baptize and baptism.
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